Foot-Candle Calculator
Convert foot-candles to lux and find IES target levels.
Foot-Candle Calculator →Free Recessed Light Calculator — Can Light Layout & Spacing Tool
Enter room size, ceiling height and fixture type. Get instant fixture count, spacing, wall offset, foot-candles and a visual layout grid — no signups, no submit button.
Fixtures Needed
12
Fixture Spacing
5.4 ft
Wall Offset
2.7 ft
Est. Foot-Candles
40 fc
Est. Lux
431 lx
Grid Layout
4 × 3
Layout is a planning estimate. Adjust for joists, beams, vents, and obstructions before installation.
This recessed light calculator turns three measurements — length, width and ceiling height — into a working layout for can lights, downlights or pot lights. Pick the room type, choose a fixture size, and the recessed lighting calculator returns the fixture count, fixture-to-fixture spacing and wall offset in feet. The grid preview updates as you type.
Every output uses the lumen method that electricians and lighting designers rely on. You set the foot-candle target (or pick a room preset that sets it for you), the can light calculator multiplies it by the room area to get total lumens, and divides by the lumens per fixture. The result is a real fixture count, not a guess. Convert to lux on the fly: one foot-candle equals 10.764 lux.
The same logic works for 4-inch wafer lights in a hallway, 6-inch downlights in a living room, or 8-inch fixtures over a high-ceiling garage. Change the ceiling height and the spacing recalculates immediately because spacing scales with ceiling height. Use the layout grid to plan the actual rows and columns before you drill a single hole.
What Are Recessed Lights?
Recessed lights — also called can lights, pot lights or downlights — are fixtures installed inside the ceiling so the trim sits flush with the ceiling surface. The bulb or LED module points down, throwing a cone of light onto the floor below. Because nothing hangs into the room, recessed lights work in low ceilings, open-concept spaces, kitchens, bathrooms and hallways where pendant fixtures would feel intrusive.
Traditional recessed lights use a metal housing (the can) that sits above the ceiling, with a trim ring and bulb that snap in from below. Modern alternatives skip the can entirely. Wafer lights and disk lights are slim LED panels less than an inch thick that clip into a small cutout and wire to a remote junction box. Canless recessed lighting is the umbrella term for any integrated LED downlight that mounts without a housing.
Fixtures come in trimmed (visible trim ring) and trimless (flush mudded into the drywall for a seamless look) versions. They're rated either IC (insulation contact, safe in direct contact with attic insulation) or non-IC (needs a 3-inch air gap). Air-tight rated housings stop heat from leaking from the conditioned space into the attic, which matters in cold climates and for energy-code compliance. Most LED downlights sold today are IC-rated and air-tight by default.
LED downlights have replaced halogen and CFL versions almost completely. They use 80–90% less power, run cool, last 25,000–50,000 hours, and ship with built-in dimming drivers. Output ranges from 350 lumens on a small 4-inch trim to over 2,000 lumens on an 8-inch high-output unit. Color temperature is selectable on many models, so the same fixture works in a warm bedroom or a cool workshop.
How Many Recessed Lights Do I Need?
The number of recessed lights you need equals total room lumens required divided by lumens per fixture, rounded up. The lumen method is the same equation lighting designers, electricians and building inspectors use. It works for any room shape, any ceiling height, and any fixture size.
Fixtures Needed = (Room Area × Target Foot-Candles) ÷ Lumens Per Fixture
Worked example: a 15×12 ft living room is 180 sq ft. Target 15 fc for relaxed ambient living. That's 180 × 15 = 2,700 total lumens needed. Each 6-inch LED downlight outputs roughly 1,000 lumens, so 2,700 ÷ 1,000 = 2.7, rounded up to 3 fixtures by the lumen method. But the spacing rule on a 9 ft ceiling calls for 5.4 ft between fixtures, which fits a 2×3 grid of 6 lights. Always take the higher of the two numbers — even coverage matters as much as raw output.
Lux is the metric counterpart. One foot-candle equals 10.764 lux. So 15 fc equals about 161 lux, and 50 fc equals 538 lux. International specs and most product packaging quote lux; U.S. building codes quote foot-candles. The recessed light calculator above shows both numbers so you can match either standard.
Foot-Candle Targets by Room
| Room | Target Foot-Candles | Target Lux |
|---|---|---|
| Hallway | 5–10 fc | 54–108 lx |
| Bedroom / Living Room | 10–20 fc | 108–215 lx |
| Kitchen (ambient) | 30–50 fc | 323–538 lx |
| Kitchen (task) | 70–100 fc | 753–1,076 lx |
| Bathroom | 30–50 fc | 323–538 lx |
| Office / Study | 30–50 fc | 323–538 lx |
| Garage | 20–30 fc | 215–323 lx |
The lumen method above is what any homeowner or contractor needs for a residential layout. Full photometric software refines it with two more variables: the coefficient of utilization (the share of a fixture's output that actually lands on the work plane after bouncing off walls and ceiling — lower in dark-painted rooms, higher in white rooms) and the light loss factor (an allowance for lumen depreciation as the LED ages and for dust buildup on the lens). Skipping both still lands the basic lumen method within a fixture or two of a full professional plan, which is close enough for planning a home installation.
Recessed Light Spacing Formula
The standard spacing formula is simple: ceiling height in feet × 0.6 equals the recommended distance between fixtures in feet. Wall offset equals half that spacing. A 9 ft ceiling gives 5.4 ft spacing and a 2.7 ft wall offset. The rule assumes a typical 60–90° beam angle on a residential LED downlight; narrow accent fixtures need tighter spacing and wide-flood fixtures can stretch further.
Diagram updates with the ceiling height you enter in the calculator above.
| Ceiling Height | Fixture Spacing | Wall Offset |
|---|---|---|
| 8 ft | 4.8 ft | 2.4 ft |
| 9 ft | 5.4 ft | 2.7 ft |
| 10 ft | 6.0 ft | 3.0 ft |
| 12 ft | 7.2 ft | 3.6 ft |
How far from the wall? Half the spacing, generally. For a wall-wash effect that lights up artwork or kitchen cabinets, bring the fixtures 12–18 inches from the wall and pick a fixture with an adjustable trim or a wall-wash kit. That tighter offset throws light up the wall instead of straight down.
Higher ceilings need more output per fixture, not more fixtures. A 12 ft ceiling spaced at 7.2 ft still covers the same floor area as a 9 ft ceiling spaced at 5.4 ft — there are simply fewer rows and columns. Bump the lumen rating per fixture instead. See the dedicated spacing tool for minimum and maximum spacing limits.
Room-by-Room Recessed Lighting Guide
Kitchen Recessed Lighting Layout
Kitchens need two lighting layers: ambient at 35 fc (377 lx) for general visibility and task at 70–100 fc (753–1,076 lx) over counters and islands. Six-inch LED downlights at 1,000 lumens are the workhorse. Place ambient fixtures on the standard 5.4 ft grid for a 9 ft ceiling and add a tighter row of task fixtures 24–30 inches above the front edge of the counter or island. Pick 3000K for warm-white food-friendly light. Full kitchen layout guide →
Living Room Recessed Lighting Layout
Target 10–20 fc (108–215 lx) for a comfortable living room. A 15×12 ft room takes 4–6 fixtures on a standard 9 ft ceiling. Always install dimmers — the same fixtures should support a bright cleaning session and a dim movie night. Use 2700K bulbs for warmth and consider a wall-wash row along a feature wall. Living room layout guide →
Bedroom Recessed Lighting Layout
Bedrooms run lower at 10–15 fc (108–161 lx). Soft, indirect light is the goal. Position fixtures so they don't shine straight down onto the pillow — a perimeter wall-wash layout often works better than a centered grid. 2700K color temperature, dimmer mandatory. Bedroom guide →
Bathroom Recessed Lighting Layout
Bathrooms target 30–50 fc (323–538 lx) for general light and higher at the vanity. IC-rated fixtures are required if there's insulation above. Anything inside the shower or tub zone needs a wet-location rating (IP44 minimum, IP65 for the shower spray zone) — most building codes require this. 3000K–4000K reads as flattering and clean. Bathroom guide →
Garage Recessed Lighting Layout
Garages need 20–30 fc (215–323 lx) for parking and 50+ fc for workbench detail. High ceilings often justify 8-inch fixtures at 1,400+ lumens. Cooler 5000K daylight color helps with mechanical work and finishing tasks. Garage layout guide →
Office Recessed Lighting Layout
Home offices target 30–50 fc (323–538 lx). Place fixtures to the sides of the monitor, not directly above it, to avoid screen glare. 4000K–5000K neutral-to-cool color temperature keeps you alert through long work sessions. Aim for a CRI of 90 or higher so paper documents and screen colors stay accurate.
Recessed Light Fixture Sizes — 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 Inch Guide
Fixture diameter controls beam spread, output and visual footprint on the ceiling. Match the size to the ceiling height and the role the fixtures play.
| Size | Lumens | Best For | Ceiling Height |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3-inch | 200–400 lm | Accent, display | 7–8 ft |
| 4-inch | 350–600 lm | Accent, low ceilings | 7–9 ft |
| 5-inch | 500–800 lm | General residential | 8–10 ft |
| 6-inch | 800–1,200 lm | Most common, all rooms | 9–12 ft |
| 8-inch | 1,200–2,000 lm | Large rooms, high ceilings | 10+ ft |
Mixing sizes works well: 6-inch fixtures for ambient coverage paired with 4-inch fixtures for accent rows over a feature wall or kitchen island. Keep fixtures within one size step of each other so the ceiling reads as a unified plan. Full fixture sizing guide →
A few well-known models illustrate each size band: the 6-inch Nora Onyx Baffle LED is a common pick for ambient coverage on a standard 9 ft ceiling, the 6-inch Cree High-Lumen LED steps up output for 10–12 ft ceilings without changing the trim size, and the 4-inch Halo Adjustable LED tilts up to 30° for sloped ceilings or accent aiming. None of these are required — they're reference points for what "6-inch" or "4-inch" actually looks like on a spec sheet.
How Ceiling Height Affects Recessed Light Spacing
Ceiling height drives spacing because the higher the fixture, the wider its beam spreads before hitting the floor. A fixture mounted at 12 ft covers a much larger footprint than the same fixture at 8 ft, but the foot-candles at the floor drop proportionally — inverse square law. Bigger spacing means fewer fixtures, but each one has to deliver more lumens.
On an 8 ft ceiling, plan tight: 4.8 ft between fixtures and a 2.4 ft wall offset. This is the shortest residential ceiling height and rewards smaller 4-inch or 5-inch fixtures so the trims don't dominate the room. On a 9 ft ceiling — the most common modern build — go to 5.4 ft spacing with 6-inch fixtures at 1,000 lumens. On a 10 ft ceiling, stretch to 6 ft spacing and bump fixture output to 1,200+ lumens.
Vaulted and sloped ceilings need an average-height calculation. Measure the ceiling height at the wall, at the peak, and average them. Use sloped-ceiling adapters or gimbal trims so the light aims down toward the floor instead of out toward the opposite wall. See the full fixture-sizing guide for sloped ceiling adapters and beam-angle pairing.
LED Recessed Lighting — CRI, Color Temperature, and Dimming
Modern recessed lighting is almost entirely LED. Three specs matter beyond raw lumen output: CRI, color temperature, and dimmer compatibility.
CRI (Color Rendering Index) measures how accurately a light source shows real colors on a 0–100 scale. Stick to CRI 80 minimum for general spaces and CRI 90+ for kitchens, bathrooms, closets, and anywhere skin tones or food colors matter. Cheap LEDs often run CRI 70, which makes food look grey and clothing colors look wrong.
Color temperature is measured in Kelvin. 2700K is warm and yellow, similar to old incandescent — best for bedrooms and living rooms. 3000K is soft white, slightly cleaner, standard for kitchens. 4000K is neutral white for offices and laundry. 5000K is daylight, blue-cool, best for garages, workshops and detail tasks. Selectable-CCT fixtures with a switch on the housing let you pick on-site.
Dimming requires a compatible LED dimmer. The Lutron Diva CL is the safe wired default. For smart-home control, the Lutron Caseta Wireless Smart Dimmer or the Leviton Smart Wi-Fi Dimmer both pair cleanly with most modern LED downlights. Always check the fixture's spec sheet for the qualified dimmer list — incompatible dimmers cause buzzing, flicker, and shortened LED life.
IC-rated fixtures sit safely in direct contact with attic insulation; non-IC fixtures need a 3-inch air gap. Air-tight (AT) rated housings stop conditioned air from leaking into the attic — an energy-code requirement in most regions. Canless and wafer lights are usually IC-rated and air-tight by default. Full LED downlight guide → or see canless options.
Foot-Candle and Lux Reference Table
A foot-candle is one lumen of light spread over one square foot of surface. Lux is the metric equivalent: one lumen per square metre. The conversion is fixed: 1 fc = 10.764 lx. These targets come from the IESNA (Illuminating Engineering Society of North America) Lighting Handbook and represent the industry standard for residential and commercial spaces. Use them as starting points and adjust up for older occupants (vision needs 2–3× more light past age 60) or down where mood lighting matters. See the foot-candle converter and the lux converter for live conversions.
| Space Type | Min fc | Target fc | Lux Equivalent |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parking / Storage | 3–5 fc | 5–10 fc | 54–108 lx |
| Corridor / Hallway | 5–10 fc | 10 fc | 108 lx |
| Bedroom | 10 fc | 15–20 fc | 161–215 lx |
| Living Room | 10 fc | 15–20 fc | 161–215 lx |
| Bathroom (general) | 20 fc | 40 fc | 430 lx |
| Bathroom (vanity) | 50 fc | 70 fc | 753 lx |
| Office | 30 fc | 40–50 fc | 430–538 lx |
| Classroom / Library | 30 fc | 50 fc | 538 lx |
| Kitchen (ambient) | 25 fc | 35–40 fc | 377–430 lx |
| Kitchen (task) | 50 fc | 75–100 fc | 807–1,076 lx |
| Retail Display | 50 fc | 75 fc | 807 lx |
Some commercial lighting tools group these same targets into four brightness tiers instead of a room list: Low (10 lm/sqft), Medium (20 lm/sqft), High (30 lm/sqft) and Very High (50 lm/sqft). Because 1 lumen per square foot equals 1 foot-candle at the work surface, those tiers map directly onto the fc column above — Low matches a hallway, Medium matches a living room, High matches an office or kitchen, and Very High matches a kitchen task zone. IESNA is often shortened to just IES (Illuminating Engineering Society) in product literature; both names refer to the same standards body and the same Lighting Handbook this table is based on.
Recessed Lighting Calculation Example
A 20×15 ft open-plan kitchen/living room, 9 ft ceiling, 6-inch LED downlights at 1,000 lumens each. The kitchen zone needs 35 fc; the living zone needs 15 fc. Treat them as two sub-areas.
Step 1 — Split the floor area. Say the kitchen takes the front 10×15 = 150 sq ft and the living zone takes the back 10×15 = 150 sq ft.
Kitchen lumens = 150 × 35 = 5,250 lm → 5,250 ÷ 1,000 = 6 fixtures
Living lumens = 150 × 15 = 2,250 lm → 2,250 ÷ 1,000 = 3 fixtures
Step 2 — Check spacing. 9 ft ceiling × 0.6 = 5.4 ft fixture spacing. Wall offset = 2.7 ft. Over a 15 ft width, that's roughly 3 columns. Over a 10 ft depth, 2 rows. So a 3×2 grid = 6 fixtures per zone meets the spacing rule.
Step 3 — Reconcile. Kitchen needs 6 by lumens and 6 by spacing — match. Living zone needs 3 by lumens but 6 by spacing — bump to 6 for even coverage and add a dimmer so it doesn't feel over-lit at night. Total: 12 fixtures across the open plan, on dimmer zones split by area. The estimated foot-candle delivery: 12 × 1,000 ÷ 300 = 40 fc average, which dims down to 10 fc for evening viewing.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many recessed lights do I need for a 10×10 room?
A 10×10 ft (100 sq ft) living room at 15 fc needs about 1,500 lumens total. With 1,000-lumen 6-inch LED downlights, that's 2 fixtures by the lumen method, but spacing rules on a 9 ft ceiling (5.4 ft spacing) suggest a 2×2 grid of 4 fixtures for even coverage. Always round up to the larger value.
How many recessed lights do I need for a 12×12 room?
A 12×12 ft (144 sq ft) room at 15 fc needs 2,160 lumens, or about 3 of the 1,000-lumen 6-inch fixtures. On a 9 ft ceiling, a 2×3 or 3×3 grid (6–9 fixtures) gives even coverage; pick the higher number for a brighter kitchen or office.
How many recessed lights do I need for a 15×15 room?
A 15×15 ft (225 sq ft) room at 15 fc needs 3,375 lumens, or 4 of the 1,000-lumen fixtures. For even spacing on a 9 ft ceiling, plan a 3×3 grid of 9 fixtures spaced 5 ft apart with a 2.5 ft wall offset.
How many recessed lights do I need for a 20×20 room?
A 20×20 ft (400 sq ft) room at 15 fc needs 6,000 lumens. Use 6 of the 1,000-lumen 6-inch fixtures by the lumen method, or a 4×4 grid of 16 fixtures for kitchen-level brightness (35 fc). Spacing on a 9 ft ceiling is 5.4 ft.
How far apart should recessed lights be?
Multiply ceiling height by 0.6 to get the spacing in feet. An 8 ft ceiling gives 4.8 ft between fixtures, a 9 ft ceiling gives 5.4 ft, and a 10 ft ceiling gives 6 ft. This is the industry standard for general ambient lighting with standard beam angles.
How far from the wall should recessed lights be?
Place fixtures at half the spacing distance from the wall. With 5.4 ft spacing on a 9 ft ceiling, that's a 2.7 ft wall offset. For wall-wash positioning (highlighting art or cabinets), bring fixtures 18–30 inches from the wall and angle the trim.
How many recessed lights for an 8-foot ceiling?
On an 8 ft ceiling, space fixtures 4.8 ft apart with a 2.4 ft wall offset. A 12×12 ft room fits a 3×3 grid of 9 fixtures; a 10×10 ft room fits a 2×2 grid of 4. Use smaller 4-inch or 5-inch downlights to avoid overpowering low ceilings.
How many recessed lights for a 9-foot ceiling?
On a 9 ft ceiling, space fixtures 5.4 ft apart with a 2.7 ft wall offset. This is the most common residential ceiling height; 6-inch LED downlights at 1,000 lumens each are the default. A 15×12 ft room fits 6–9 fixtures.
How many recessed lights for a 10-foot ceiling?
On a 10 ft ceiling, space fixtures 6 ft apart with a 3 ft wall offset. Higher ceilings need brighter fixtures — switch to 5-inch (650 lm) or 6-inch (1,000 lm) units, and bump the count up if you're targeting kitchen or task lighting levels.
What is the standard recessed lighting spacing formula?
Spacing in feet equals ceiling height in feet × 0.6. Wall offset equals spacing ÷ 2. The minimum spacing is height × 0.5; the maximum without dark patches is height × 1.0. These rules assume a typical 60–90° beam angle on a standard LED downlight.
How many can lights per room do I need?
Use the lumen method: room square footage × foot-candle target ÷ lumens per fixture. A 15×12 ft living room at 15 fc with 1,000-lumen fixtures needs 3 lights; the same room as a kitchen at 35 fc needs 7. Then check that count against the spacing grid.
How many can lights per square foot?
Plan on roughly one fixture per 25–35 sq ft for ambient living areas and one per 15–20 sq ft for kitchens, bathrooms, and offices. This is a rule of thumb — confirm with the lumen method for accuracy.
What is a foot-candle?
A foot-candle (fc) is one lumen of light spread over one square foot of surface. It is the imperial unit of illuminance used in the U.S. building codes and IES lighting standards. Living rooms target 10–20 fc, kitchens 30–50 fc, and kitchen task areas 70–100 fc.
What is lux and how does it relate to foot-candles?
Lux is the metric unit of illuminance: 1 lumen per square metre. One foot-candle equals 10.764 lux. So a 50 fc kitchen equals roughly 538 lux. Lux is the global standard; foot-candles dominate North American specs.
What size recessed light do I need?
Match fixture diameter to ceiling height: 4-inch for 7–9 ft ceilings, 5-inch for 8–10 ft, 6-inch for 9–12 ft, and 8-inch for 10 ft and above. Use the smaller end for accent layers and the larger end for primary ambient.
What is the difference between IC-rated and non-IC-rated recessed lights?
IC-rated fixtures can sit in direct contact with insulation without overheating. Non-IC fixtures need a 3-inch air gap from any insulation. If you have a finished attic above the room or blown-in insulation, you need IC-rated housings — most modern LED units are IC-rated by default.
What is a canless recessed light?
A canless recessed light is a one-piece LED downlight that mounts directly into the drywall without a separate metal housing. It needs only a junction-box connection, fits in shallow ceilings, and is the simplest retrofit option. Canless and wafer lights are the same product category.
What is a wafer light?
A wafer light is a slim, canless LED downlight typically less than 1 inch thick. It clips into a small ceiling cutout and connects to a remote junction box. Wafer lights work in tight ceiling cavities where traditional cans won't fit and install in minutes.
What color temperature is best for recessed lighting?
Use 2700K (warm white) for bedrooms and living rooms, 3000K (soft white) for kitchens and bathrooms, 4000K (neutral) for offices and laundry rooms, and 5000K (daylight) for garages and workshops. Many LED downlights now ship with a switch to pick the temperature on-site.
Can I dim LED recessed lights?
Yes, most modern LED recessed fixtures are dimmable. They need a compatible LED dimmer such as the Lutron Diva CL, Lutron Caseta Wireless, or a Leviton Smart Wi-Fi dimmer. Check the fixture spec sheet for the supported dimmer list — incompatible dimmers cause flicker.
How much does recessed light installation cost?
Expect $150–$300 per fixture for new construction and $200–$400 per fixture for retrofit. A typical 6-fixture living room installation runs $1,200–$2,400 including labor, fixtures, and wiring. See the installation cost calculator for a tailored estimate.
What is the recessed lighting spacing rule for vaulted ceilings?
Measure the average ceiling height across the slope and apply the height × 0.6 rule to that average. For a vault that runs from 8 ft at the wall to 14 ft at the peak, use 11 ft × 0.6 = 6.6 ft spacing. Use sloped-ceiling adapters or gimbal trims to aim light downward.
What beam angle should I use for recessed lights?
Use a 60° spread for general ambient lighting, 40° for focused task lighting over a counter or desk, and 25–30° for accent lighting on art or architectural features. Narrower beams concentrate light; wider beams cover more floor area with softer edges.
How many recessed lights do I need for a kitchen?
Target 35 fc for ambient and 75 fc over islands and counters. A 12×15 ft kitchen needs roughly 6–8 ambient fixtures plus 2–4 task fixtures over work zones. Pair with under-cabinet LED strips for full counter coverage.
How many recessed lights do I need for a living room?
Target 15 fc. A 15×12 ft living room needs about 6 fixtures on a 9 ft ceiling using a 3×2 grid. Add dimmers so the same fixtures support both movie nights and reading.
Related Lighting Tools
Lux Calculator
Convert lux to foot-candles and lumens for any space.
Lux Calculator →Lighting Layout Tool
Generate a recessed light grid with rows, columns and offset.
Lighting Layout Tool →Can Light Spacing
Find exact fixture spacing using the ceiling-height rule.
Can Light Spacing →LED Downlight Guide
Compare 4, 5, 6, 8 inch LEDs by lumens, CRI and Kelvin.
LED Downlight Guide →Fixture Sizing Guide
Pick the right diameter for your ceiling height and room.
Fixture Sizing Guide →Kitchen Lighting
Plan ambient and task layers for any kitchen layout.
Kitchen Lighting →Living Room Lighting
Fixture count and placement for living rooms.
Living Room Lighting →Bathroom Lighting
IC-rated and wet-location planning for bathrooms.
Bathroom Lighting →Bedroom Lighting
Soft, glare-free can light layouts for bedrooms.
Bedroom Lighting →Garage Lighting
Fixture count for 1, 2 and 3-car garages.
Garage Lighting →Wafer Lights Guide
Slim LED wafer fixtures vs traditional cans.
Wafer Lights Guide →Canless Recessed
No-can LED downlights explained end to end.
Canless Recessed →Drop Ceiling Lighting
Recessed fixtures in 2×4 and 2×2 suspended grids.
Drop Ceiling Lighting →Installation Cost
Estimate the cost to install recessed lighting.
Installation Cost →Halo Lighting Guide
Halo brand trims, housings and adjustable downlights.
Halo Lighting Guide →Recessed Lights Needed by Room Size
| Room Size | Area | Living Room (15 fc) | Kitchen Ambient (35 fc) | Suggested Grid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10×10 ft | 100 ft² | 2 fixtures | 4 fixtures | 2×2 |
| 12×12 ft | 144 ft² | 3 fixtures | 6 fixtures | 2×3 |
| 15×12 ft | 180 ft² | 3 fixtures | 7 fixtures | 3×3 |
| 20×15 ft | 300 ft² | 5 fixtures | 11 fixtures | 4×4 |
| 24×18 ft | 432 ft² | 7 fixtures | 16 fixtures | 5×4 |
Based on 1,000 lm per fixture, 9 ft ceiling. Use the calculator at the top to model your exact room.